Scottish History

Edinburgh Castle, A Scotland’s Iconic Landmark

Edinburgh Castle is one of the oldest buildings in Scotland. It is said to have been home to people from the Iron Age. The fort still exists on a standing rock that has served in different shapes, from the king’s residence to a prison and military garrison. Today, the castle’s appearance has transformed from an ancient building to a modern one, but it still has many classical entities. So, the article tells the reader about this iconic building, which is still the centre of attention for visitors.

Anatomy of Edinburgh Castle

Anatomy of Edinburgh Castle
Anatomy of Edinburgh Castle

The castle is made of volcanic rock formed thousands of years ago. When was Edinburgh Castle built? This question is common. The most common available record reveals that the Son of Saint Margaret of Scotland, King David 1st, constructed it in the 11th century. 

Over the centuries, the castle has undergone numerous reconstructions and has played pivotal roles in Scottish history, including as a royal residence and military stronghold. Today, it stands as one of Scotland’s most iconic landmarks, housing a range of historical attractions. The castle features three main gates: the Gatehouse, Foogs Gate, and Portcullis Gate.

The oldest structure within the castle is St Margaret’s Chapel, dating back to the 12th century. Another notable feature is the Fore Well, a traditional well with historical significance. Other points of interest include the Crown Jewels of Scotland, the National War Museum, and the Stone of Destiny, symbolizing Scotland’s monarchy.

Attractions Captivating People to the Castle

Edinburgh Castle is the busiest building among all the Scottish castles. That’s why most people know and come to visit this fortress only, even those who live away from Scotland. The fort is quite large and has a complex structure, which attracts many visitors.

National War Museum

National War Museum
National War Museum

The National War Museum is located in Edinburgh Castle and is famous worldwide for its historical collection of military items spanning centuries of Scottish history. Exhibits showcasing weaponry and clothing, including the iconic tartan kilts worn by Scottish regiments and medals from various battles, such as the Jacobite rebellions and the World Wars, are open for visitors to view.

Highlights include the famous artillery pieces on exhibit on the castle grounds, the regimental equipment of the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards, and the classic Scots military outfits. The museum thoroughly explains Scotland’s military history and involvement in international battles.

The Great Hall
The Great Hall

Completed in 1511 during King James IV’s reign, the Great Hall remains the most attractive site. People know this hall as a wonder of medieval Scotland. The wooden roof is widespread throughout Britain for its beauty. This masterpiece is the best part of Edinburgh Castle’s interior.

Fight for the Castle

“Fights for the Castle” is a historical exhibition at Edinburgh Castle in Scotland. It focuses on the castle’s dramatic and turbulent history, particularly the numerous sieges and battles it has endured over the centuries. Due to its strategic location on Castle Rock, Edinburgh Castle has been the site of many significant historical events, including military confrontations, royal conflicts, and sieges.

Mons Meg

Mons Meg is a military weapon used for bombardments in the15th century. It was gifted to King James II and considered the latest technology then. It was used until 1680 when a barrel burst made it unusable. It was kept in the castle until 1754 and removed later. After some time, it was restored and placed in the castle again for display.

Dog Cemetery

On the main path of the castle, there is a small, beautiful grassy area. The ground is not an attraction, but the dog cemetery makes it essential. Some people used to bury their beloved animals on the ground, and the story is the same as that of this site. One and dozens of dogs belonging to high-ranking officers are buried there.

Lang Stairs

Lang Stairs is a steep, narrow staircase leading to Edinburgh Castle. It is an important historical feature, offering a challenging climb and a glimpse into the past. The steps were the castle’s defensive design, making it harder for attackers to access the fortress. Though built in 1573, these stairs are still part of the castle, narrating the strategies used to keep inhabitants safe in the past.

Portcullis Gate

A gate named Portcullis was used to protect the Lang stairs. It is made of iron and slides from upper to lower directions. According to reports, this gate is almost 450 years old. Today, it is an iconic symbol of fortification, and the gate is known to have saved hundreds of lives. The gate is very heavy, but only a person inside can open it thanks to the mechanism.

Half Moon Battery

The Half Moon Battery is a large, curved defensive structure at Edinburgh Castle. It features cannons and other artillery designed to protect the castle from attackers. The battery offers stunning views of the city and the surrounding area and highlights the strategic importance of battles in Scotland’s history.

Prisons of War Exhibition

Prisoners and pirates were kept in vaults. However, a hole that helped them escape still exists in the castle. The incident took place in 1811 when 49 prisoners tried to escape. All of them succeeded in getting down from the rock except 1. Unfortunately, they were recaptured. The hole is still there, telling visitors about the story of runners.

Facts About Edinburgh Castle

  • The castle has Saint Margaret Chapel, the only surviving chapel made before the 12th century in any castle.
  • Edinburgh Castle was attacked 23 times and remained the most besieged fort in Scotland.
  • An armour named Mons Meg is considered the best preserved medieval gun in Europe.
  • The castle has a Stone of Destiny with an unknown history but an essential and traditional coronation stone of all Scottish Monarchs.
  • The castle is thought to be haunted.
  • 2 million people visit Edinburgh Castle annually, making it the most famous tourist destination.
  • Visiting the most ancient castle in traditional Scottish tartan kilts ensures a unique experience.
  • Visiting the castle is not free, but Edinburgh Castle tickets must be purchased. The price is minimal against the experience.

Other Famous Castles in Edinburgh

It is all about the history and attractions available in Edinburgh Castle. Edinburgh, and even Scotland, is quite lucky to have many castles portraying the site’s history. Here are some more famous castles in Edinburgh.

  • Stobo Castle
  • Dirleton Castle
  • Dundas Castle
  • Fa’side Castle
  • Tantallon Castle
  • Lochleven Castle

Conclusion

Edinburgh Castle in Scotland is not just a castle but a masterpiece with hundreds of things to see in the castle and thousands of historical artefacts in the museum. A large number of attractions explain the history of the castle, even the entire city. Some common appealing elements are the Great Hall, the oldest preserved Mons Meg, and many others. Similarly, Dog Cemetery there also tells how essential dogs were to their owners in Scotland. Edinburgh has many castles other than this one, explaining the history from the 13th century to the 19th century.<

Eric Dustin

Eric Dustin is a passionate writer specializing in Scottish fashion and heritage. With a keen interest in traditional attire like kilts, tartans, and Highland wear. Bridges the gap between timeless traditions and contemporary trends. Also have interest in exploring Scottish Highlands and research clan histories.

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